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TaxHomeBase’s tax engine is validated against a library of real-world travel nurse scenarios. Each scenario defines a nurse’s situation — employment type, filing status, tax home, assignments, expenses — and the verified tax outcome. These scenarios are also run as automated tests on every code change to prevent regressions.
All dollar amounts in scenarios are weekly rates unless noted. Stipend amounts are set within GSA per diem limits unless the scenario specifically tests GSA compliance.

Basic Tax Situations

W-2 Nurse with Valid Tax Home

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio (rent $800/mo, visited 15 days ago, voter reg, OH license)
AssignmentKaiser Sacramento, CA — 13 weeks
Base pay$1,500/wk
Housing stipend$1,000/wk
M&IE stipend$450/wk
Expected Outcome
Federal taxGreater than $0
Total stipendsGreater than $0 (tax-free)
CA state taxGreater than $0
CA filing requiredYes
Deduction methodStandard (TCJA)
What this verifies: A compliant W-2 nurse with a valid tax home receives tax-free stipends. Federal and California state taxes are computed on base pay only. A CA non-resident return is required.

No-Income-Tax State (Texas)

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeTexas
AssignmentMD Anderson, Houston, TX — 26 weeks
Base pay$1,700/wk
Expected Outcome
Total state tax$0
TX filing requiredNo
Federal taxGreater than $0
What this verifies: Texas has no income tax. State tax is zero and no non-resident return is needed.

No Assignments — Zero State

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio (valid)
AssignmentsNone
Expected Outcome
Taxable income$0
Stipends$0
Federal tax$0
State tax$0
Quarterly payment$0
What this verifies: With no assignments, all tax values are zero. The engine handles the empty state cleanly.

Employment Classification

1099 Contractor — SE Tax, Schedule C, QBI

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment type1099
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentCleveland Clinic Weston, Jacksonville, FL — 26 weeks
Base pay$1,500/wk
Expenses$1,200 travel
Tax home costs$850 rent
Mileage800 mi (tax home visits)
Expected Outcome
SE taxGreater than $0
Deduction methodBusiness expense (Schedule C)
QBI deductionGreater than $0 (income below threshold)
Federal taxGreater than $0
State tax$0 (Florida)
What this verifies: 1099 contractors pay self-employment tax. Business expenses reduce Schedule C income before SE tax. The 20% QBI deduction applies because income is below the $191,950 threshold.

1099 Above QBI Phase-Out Threshold

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment type1099
AssignmentCedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA — 51 weeks
Base pay$4,000/wk
Expected Outcome
QBI deduction$0
SE taxGreater than $0
Deduction methodBusiness expense
What this verifies: When net self-employment income exceeds the QBI threshold ($191,950 for single filers), the 20% QBI deduction is fully phased out.

1099 High Earner Above SS Wage Base

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment type1099
AssignmentsMayo Clinic FL (26 wks, 4,000/wk)+HoustonMethodistTX(26wks,4,000/wk) + Houston Methodist TX (26 wks, 4,200/wk)
Total base pay~$210,000/year
Expected Outcome
SE taxGreater than $0
Taxable incomeGreater than $170,000
State tax$0 (FL + TX)
What this verifies: Social Security tax (12.4%) is capped at the wage base ($176,100 in 2025). Medicare (2.9%) continues on all earnings. Both assignments are in no-tax states.

1099 Low Income — Full QBI

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment type1099
AssignmentMercy Health, Cleveland, OH — 13 weeks
Base pay$2,000/wk
Expenses$500 travel
Tax home costs$700 rent
Expected Outcome
QBI deductionGreater than $0
SE taxGreater than $0
Federal taxGreater than $0
What this verifies: A low-income 1099 nurse below the QBI threshold receives the full 20% QBI deduction on qualified business income.

Filing Status

Head of Household

InputValue
Filing statusHead of household
Employment typeW-2
AssignmentTexas Children’s, Houston, TX — 26 weeks
Base pay$1,600/wk
Expected Outcome
Federal taxGreater than $0
State tax$0 (Texas)
Deduction methodStandard
What this verifies: Head of household filers receive a higher standard deduction (22,500in2025vs.22,500 in 2025 vs. 15,000 for single), reducing federal tax.

Married Filing Jointly

InputValue
Filing statusMarried filing jointly
Employment typeW-2
AssignmentTampa General, FL — 26 weeks
Base pay$1,500/wk
Expected Outcome
Federal taxGreater than $0
State tax$0 (Florida)
StipendsGreater than $0
Deduction methodStandard
What this verifies: Married filing jointly receives the highest standard deduction ($30,000 in 2025). Even with a 26-week assignment, a significant portion of income is covered by the deduction.

Multi-State Situations

Two States in One Year (CA + NY)

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
Assignment 1Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA — 13 weeks, $1,600/wk
Assignment 2NYU Langone, New York, NY — 12 weeks, $1,700/wk
Expected Outcome
State count2
CA filing requiredYes
NY filing requiredYes
Total state taxGreater than $0
What this verifies: Income from each state is tracked separately. Non-resident returns are required in both California and New York.

Virginia Home, DC Assignment

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeVirginia
AssignmentMedStar Georgetown, Washington, DC — 13 weeks, $1,800/wk
Expected Outcome
DC filing requiredYes
Total state taxGreater than $0
What this verifies: DC has its own income tax. A nurse working in DC owes DC non-resident tax regardless of home state.

Multiple Assignments, Same State

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
Assignment 1Kaiser Sacramento, CA — 13 weeks, $1,500/wk
Assignment 2Stanford Health, Sacramento, CA — 12 weeks, $1,600/wk
Expected Outcome
State count1
CA filing requiredYes
Total state taxGreater than $0
What this verifies: Income from multiple assignments in the same state is aggregated into a single state entry. Only one CA non-resident return is needed.

State-Level Deductions

W-2 in California — No AGI Floor

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentUCSF Medical, San Francisco, CA — 26 weeks, $1,800/wk
Expenses2,000travel+2,000 travel + 500 licensing
Tax home costs$800 rent
Mileage500 mi (work travel)
Expected Outcome
CA filing requiredYes
CA state deduction appliesYes
Deduction methodStandard (federal)
What this verifies: California doesn’t conform to TCJA. W-2 employees can deduct business expenses on the CA state return from the first dollar — no 2% AGI floor.

W-2 in New York — 2% AGI Floor

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentMount Sinai, New York, NY — 26 weeks, $1,750/wk
Expenses3,000travel+3,000 travel + 1,000 licensing
Tax home costs$1,200 rent
Mileage600 mi (work travel)
Expected Outcome
NY filing requiredYes
NY state deduction appliesYes
Deduction methodStandard (federal)
What this verifies: New York allows W-2 expense deductions but applies a 2% AGI floor. Only the amount exceeding 2% of federal AGI is deductible on the NY state return.

1099 in NY — W-2 Deduction Does Not Apply

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment type1099
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentMount Sinai, New York, NY — 26 weeks, $1,750/wk
Expenses$2,000 travel
Expected Outcome
NY state deduction appliesNo
Deduction methodBusiness expense (Schedule C)
SE taxGreater than $0
What this verifies: 1099 contractors deduct expenses on Schedule C, not via state-specific W-2 deduction rules. The NY W-2 deduction does not apply to 1099 workers.

Tax Home Compliance

Itinerant Nurse — No Tax Home

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeNone
AssignmentMemorial Hermann, Houston, TX — 26 weeks, $1,600/wk
Expected Outcome
Stipend risk alertYes
Compliance scoreBelow 100%
State tax$0 (Texas)
What this verifies: Without an established tax home, the IRS may treat all stipends as taxable income. TaxHomeBase flags the stipend risk.

Long Assignment — 12-Month Rule

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentGeneral Hospital, Los Angeles, CA — 52 weeks (full year)
Expected Outcome
Long assignment alertYes
CA filing requiredYes
What this verifies: The IRS 12-month rule states that if assignments at one location exceed 12 months, that location becomes the nurse’s tax home. A year-long assignment triggers a warning alert.

Property Rented Out — Disqualification Risk

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio (rent $1,000/mo, property rented out)
AssignmentCleveland Clinic Main, Houston, TX — 26 weeks
Expected Outcome
Property rented out alertYes
Compliance scoreBelow 100%
What this verifies: Renting out the tax home property may disqualify it as an IRS tax home. TaxHomeBase flags this as a compliance risk.

No Visit Recorded — Overdue Alert

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio (no visit date recorded)
AssignmentRush University Medical, Chicago, IL — 13 weeks
Expected Outcome
Visit overdue alertYes
IL filing requiredYes
State taxGreater than $0
What this verifies: The IRS recommends returning to the tax home every 30 days. When no visit is on record, TaxHomeBase generates a visit overdue alert.

Expensive Tax Home — Negative Net Benefit

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentRural Community Hospital, San Antonio, TX — 9 weeks, $1,300/wk
Housing stipend$700/wk
M&IE stipend$300/wk
Tax home costs24,000rent+24,000 rent + 3,000 utilities + 2,000insurance+2,000 insurance + 4,000 return trips
Mileage1,200 mi (tax home visits)
Expected Outcome
Tax home analysis availableYes
Net benefitNegative (costs exceed savings)
Tax savingsGreater than $0
Cost of maintainingGreater than $0
What this verifies: When tax home maintenance costs (rent, utilities, return trips, visit mileage) exceed the tax savings from keeping stipends tax-free, the net benefit is negative. The nurse may be better off going itinerant — TaxHomeBase’s cost-benefit analysis shows this clearly.

Additional Filing Statuses

Married Filing Separately

InputValue
Filing statusMarried filing separately
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeTexas
AssignmentBaylor Scott & White, Dallas, TX — 26 weeks, $1,600/wk
Expected Outcome
Federal taxGreater than $0
State tax$0 (Texas)
Deduction methodStandard
What this verifies: Married filing separately receives the same standard deduction as single filers ($15,200 in 2025). This filing status is sometimes used when spouses want separate tax liability.

Edge Cases & Special Situations

Assignment Spanning Year Boundary

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentJohns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD — Nov 2024 through Mar 2025
Base pay$1,700/wk
Expected Outcome
Federal taxGreater than $0
MD filing requiredYes
State taxGreater than $0
What this verifies: Only the portion of the assignment within the selected tax year is counted. For year 2025, the Jan 1 through Mar 31 portion (~13 weeks) is included. The November–December 2024 portion appears only in the 2024 tax year.

Assignment with Bonuses

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeTexas
AssignmentParkland Memorial, Dallas, TX — 13 weeks, $1,600/wk
Sign-on bonus$5,000
Completion bonus$3,000
Referral bonus$1,000
Expected Outcome
Total bonusesGreater than 0(0 (9,000 total)
Federal taxGreater than $0
State tax$0 (Texas)
What this verifies: All three bonus types (sign-on, completion, referral) are tracked separately and added to taxable income.

Zero-Stipend Assignment — No Risk

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeNone (itinerant)
AssignmentVA Medical Center, Houston, TX — 26 weeks, $2,500/wk base only
StipendsNone
Expected Outcome
Total stipends$0
Stipend risk alertNo
Federal taxGreater than $0
What this verifies: Without stipends, there is nothing at risk from tax home compliance issues. No stipend risk alert fires even though the nurse has no tax home.

Very Short Assignment — 2 Weeks

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeTexas
AssignmentMethodist Hospital, San Antonio, TX — 2 weeks, $1,800/wk
Expected Outcome
Federal tax$0
State tax$0 (Texas)
StipendsGreater than $0
What this verifies: A 2-week assignment generates only 3,600intaxableincome,whichfallsentirelybelowthe3,600 in taxable income, which falls entirely below the 15,200 standard deduction. Federal tax is zero.

Tax Year 2024 — Different Rates

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentOhio State Wexner, Columbus, OH — 25 weeks, $1,550/wk
Mileage1,000 mi (work travel)
Expected Outcome
Federal taxGreater than $0
Mileage deduction670(1,000mi×670 (1,000 mi × 0.67/mi)
Total miles1,000
What this verifies: 2024 uses different tax parameters: standard deduction 14,600(vs14,600 (vs 15,200 in 2025), IRS mileage rate 0.67/mile(vs0.67/mile (vs 0.70). The engine correctly applies year-specific values.

Self-Employment Deep Dives

1099 Business Loss — Expenses Exceed Income

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment type1099
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentBaptist Health, Jacksonville, FL — 4 weeks, $1,500/wk
Expenses$10,000 travel
Tax home costs$2,000 rent
Expected Outcome
SE tax$0
QBI deduction$0
Federal tax$0
What this verifies: When business expenses (12,000)exceedtotalincome(12,000) exceed total income (6,000), net self-employment income is zero. No SE tax, QBI deduction, or federal tax applies.

1099 Additional Medicare Tax Trigger

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment type1099
Tax homeTexas
AssignmentMemorial Hermann, Houston, TX — 50 weeks, $4,400/wk
Expected Outcome
Additional Medicare taxGreater than $0
SE taxGreater than $0
State tax$0 (Texas)
What this verifies: When SE base (92.35% of net SE income) exceeds 200,000,anadditional0.9200,000, an additional 0.9% Medicare surtax applies on the excess. At 4,400/wk for 50 weeks (220,000),theSEbasereaches 220,000), the SE base reaches ~203,170, triggering the surtax.

MFJ 1099 — Higher QBI Threshold

InputValue
Filing statusMarried filing jointly
Employment type1099
Tax homeFlorida
AssignmentJackson Memorial, Miami, FL — 50 weeks, $3,200/wk
Expected Outcome
QBI deductionGreater than $0
SE taxGreater than $0
State tax$0 (Florida)
What this verifies: Married filing jointly has a QBI threshold of 383,900(vs383,900 (vs 191,950 for single). A nurse earning $160,000 net SE income would lose QBI filing single but retains the full 20% deduction when filing jointly.

1099 with Significant Mileage

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment type1099
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentUniversity Hospitals, Cleveland, OH — 26 weeks, $1,600/wk
Mileage3,000 mi work travel + 2,000 mi tax home visits = 5,000 total
Expected Outcome
Total miles5,000
Mileage deduction3,500(5,000mi×3,500 (5,000 mi × 0.70/mi)
SE taxGreater than $0
What this verifies: The IRS standard mileage rate generates a significant Schedule C deduction that reduces SE income. At 5,000 miles and 0.70/mile(2025rate),the0.70/mile (2025 rate), the 3,500 deduction directly reduces self-employment tax.

State-Level Deductions (Extended)

W-2 in Alabama — 2% AGI Floor

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentUAB Hospital, Birmingham, AL — 13 weeks, $1,550/wk
Expenses2,500travel+2,500 travel + 800 licensing
Tax home costs$750 rent
Mileage400 mi (work travel)
Expected Outcome
AL filing requiredYes
AL state deduction appliesYes
Deduction methodStandard (federal)
What this verifies: Alabama does not conform to TCJA and still allows W-2 expense deductions on the state return, with a 2% AGI floor (same rule as New York).

W-2 in Hawaii — 2% AGI Floor

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentQueen’s Medical Center, Honolulu, HI — 13 weeks, $1,750/wk
Expenses3,500travel+3,500 travel + 1,000 licensing
Tax home costs$700 rent
Mileage300 mi (work travel)
Expected Outcome
HI filing requiredYes
HI state deduction appliesYes
Deduction methodStandard (federal)
What this verifies: Hawaii does not conform to TCJA and still allows W-2 expense deductions on the state return, with the same 2% AGI floor as New York and Alabama.

W-2 in Illinois — No State Deduction

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentNorthwestern Memorial, Chicago, IL — 13 weeks, $1,700/wk
Expenses2,000travel+2,000 travel + 800 licensing
Expected Outcome
IL filing requiredYes
IL state deduction appliesNo
Deduction methodStandard (federal)
What this verifies: Illinois conforms to TCJA. Even with significant tracked expenses, no W-2 expense deduction applies on the IL state return. Only five states (NY, CA, AL, HI, AR) allow this deduction.

Multi-State (Extended)

1099 Multi-State — Florida + California

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment type1099
Tax homeOhio
Assignment 1Baptist Health Miami, FL — 13 weeks, $1,600/wk
Assignment 2Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA — 13 weeks, $1,800/wk
Expected Outcome
SE taxGreater than $0
FL filing requiredNo
CA filing requiredYes
State taxGreater than $0 (CA only)
What this verifies: For 1099 contractors, SE tax applies to total income from all assignments. Florida generates no state tax, so only California contributes to the state tax total.

Three States in One Year (CA + NY + IL)

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
Assignment 1UCSF Medical, San Francisco, CA — 13 weeks, $1,800/wk
Assignment 2NYU Langone, New York, NY — 13 weeks, $1,700/wk
Assignment 3Rush University Medical, Chicago, IL — 13 weeks, $1,650/wk
Expected Outcome
State count3
CA filing requiredYes
NY filing requiredYes
IL filing requiredYes
State taxGreater than $0
What this verifies: Income from each state is tracked separately. Three non-resident state returns are required. Each state’s tax is computed independently using that state’s brackets and the income earned there.

W-2 Multi-State — CA (Deduction) + TX (No Tax)

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
Assignment 1UCSF Medical, San Francisco, CA — 13 weeks, $1,800/wk
Assignment 2Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX — 13 weeks, $1,600/wk
Expenses2,000travel+2,000 travel + 800 licensing
Expected Outcome
State count2
CA state deduction appliesYes
TX filing requiredNo
State taxGreater than $0 (CA only)
What this verifies: When working in multiple states, the CA W-2 expense deduction applies to the California portion of income, while Texas generates no state tax or filing requirement.

GSA Compliance

Stipends Exceed GSA Per Diem Limits

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio
AssignmentMemorial Hermann, Houston, TX — 26 weeks
Housing stipend1,500/wk(1,500/wk (214/day)
M&IE stipend700/wk(700/wk (100/day)
Expected Outcome
GSA exceeds alertYes
State tax$0 (Texas)
What this verifies: The GSA per diem rate for Houston is 143/daylodgingand143/day lodging and 74/day M&IE. This nurse’s stipends exceed both limits (214/dayhousing,214/day housing, 100/day M&IE). The IRS allows tax-free stipends only up to GSA rates — the excess is flagged.

Tax Home Cost-Benefit Analysis

Positive Net Benefit — Large Stipends, Low Costs

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeOhio (rent $500/mo)
AssignmentStanford Health, Sacramento, CA — 26 weeks, $1,600/wk
Housing stipend$1,300/wk
M&IE stipend$500/wk
Mileage400 mi (tax home visits)
Expected Outcome
Tax home analysis availableYes
Net benefitPositive
Tax savingsGreater than $0
Cost of maintainingGreater than $0
What this verifies: With large stipends (46,800/yeartaxfree)andlowmaintenancecosts(46,800/year tax-free) and low maintenance costs (500 rent + $280 visit mileage), the tax savings far exceed maintenance costs. The net benefit is clearly positive.

High ROI Tax Home

InputValue
Filing statusSingle
Employment typeW-2
Tax homeTexas (rent $400/mo)
AssignmentCedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA — 26 weeks, $1,800/wk
Housing stipend$1,400/wk
M&IE stipend$500/wk
Expected Outcome
Tax home analysis availableYes
ROIGreater than 0%
Net benefitPositive
What this verifies: With minimal tax home costs ($400/month rent, no other expenses) and large tax-free stipends, the return on investment for maintaining the tax home is extremely high — every dollar spent on maintenance generates many dollars in tax savings.