TaxHomeBase’s tax engine is validated against a library of real-world travel nurse scenarios. Each scenario defines a nurse’s situation — employment type, filing status, tax home, assignments, expenses — and the verified tax outcome.
These scenarios are also run as automated tests on every code change to prevent regressions.
All dollar amounts in scenarios are weekly rates unless noted. Stipend amounts are set within GSA per diem limits unless the scenario specifically tests GSA compliance.
Basic Tax Situations
W-2 Nurse with Valid Tax Home
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio (rent $800/mo, visited 15 days ago, voter reg, OH license) |
| Assignment | Kaiser Sacramento, CA — 13 weeks |
| Base pay | $1,500/wk |
| Housing stipend | $1,000/wk |
| M&IE stipend | $450/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Federal tax | Greater than $0 |
| Total stipends | Greater than $0 (tax-free) |
| CA state tax | Greater than $0 |
| CA filing required | Yes |
| Deduction method | Standard (TCJA) |
What this verifies: A compliant W-2 nurse with a valid tax home receives tax-free stipends. Federal and California state taxes are computed on base pay only. A CA non-resident return is required.
No-Income-Tax State (Texas)
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Texas |
| Assignment | MD Anderson, Houston, TX — 26 weeks |
| Base pay | $1,700/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Total state tax | $0 |
| TX filing required | No |
| Federal tax | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: Texas has no income tax. State tax is zero and no non-resident return is needed.
No Assignments — Zero State
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio (valid) |
| Assignments | None |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Taxable income | $0 |
| Stipends | $0 |
| Federal tax | $0 |
| State tax | $0 |
| Quarterly payment | $0 |
What this verifies: With no assignments, all tax values are zero. The engine handles the empty state cleanly.
Employment Classification
1099 Contractor — SE Tax, Schedule C, QBI
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | 1099 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | Cleveland Clinic Weston, Jacksonville, FL — 26 weeks |
| Base pay | $1,500/wk |
| Expenses | $1,200 travel |
| Tax home costs | $850 rent |
| Mileage | 800 mi (tax home visits) |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| SE tax | Greater than $0 |
| Deduction method | Business expense (Schedule C) |
| QBI deduction | Greater than $0 (income below threshold) |
| Federal tax | Greater than $0 |
| State tax | $0 (Florida) |
What this verifies: 1099 contractors pay self-employment tax. Business expenses reduce Schedule C income before SE tax. The 20% QBI deduction applies because income is below the $191,950 threshold.
1099 Above QBI Phase-Out Threshold
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | 1099 |
| Assignment | Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA — 51 weeks |
| Base pay | $4,000/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| QBI deduction | $0 |
| SE tax | Greater than $0 |
| Deduction method | Business expense |
What this verifies: When net self-employment income exceeds the QBI threshold ($191,950 for single filers), the 20% QBI deduction is fully phased out.
1099 High Earner Above SS Wage Base
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | 1099 |
| Assignments | Mayo Clinic FL (26 wks, 4,000/wk)+HoustonMethodistTX(26wks,4,200/wk) |
| Total base pay | ~$210,000/year |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| SE tax | Greater than $0 |
| Taxable income | Greater than $170,000 |
| State tax | $0 (FL + TX) |
What this verifies: Social Security tax (12.4%) is capped at the wage base ($176,100 in 2025). Medicare (2.9%) continues on all earnings. Both assignments are in no-tax states.
1099 Low Income — Full QBI
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | 1099 |
| Assignment | Mercy Health, Cleveland, OH — 13 weeks |
| Base pay | $2,000/wk |
| Expenses | $500 travel |
| Tax home costs | $700 rent |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| QBI deduction | Greater than $0 |
| SE tax | Greater than $0 |
| Federal tax | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: A low-income 1099 nurse below the QBI threshold receives the full 20% QBI deduction on qualified business income.
Filing Status
Head of Household
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Head of household |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Assignment | Texas Children’s, Houston, TX — 26 weeks |
| Base pay | $1,600/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Federal tax | Greater than $0 |
| State tax | $0 (Texas) |
| Deduction method | Standard |
What this verifies: Head of household filers receive a higher standard deduction (22,500in2025vs.15,000 for single), reducing federal tax.
Married Filing Jointly
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Married filing jointly |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Assignment | Tampa General, FL — 26 weeks |
| Base pay | $1,500/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Federal tax | Greater than $0 |
| State tax | $0 (Florida) |
| Stipends | Greater than $0 |
| Deduction method | Standard |
What this verifies: Married filing jointly receives the highest standard deduction ($30,000 in 2025). Even with a 26-week assignment, a significant portion of income is covered by the deduction.
Multi-State Situations
Two States in One Year (CA + NY)
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment 1 | Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA — 13 weeks, $1,600/wk |
| Assignment 2 | NYU Langone, New York, NY — 12 weeks, $1,700/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| State count | 2 |
| CA filing required | Yes |
| NY filing required | Yes |
| Total state tax | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: Income from each state is tracked separately. Non-resident returns are required in both California and New York.
Virginia Home, DC Assignment
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Virginia |
| Assignment | MedStar Georgetown, Washington, DC — 13 weeks, $1,800/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| DC filing required | Yes |
| Total state tax | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: DC has its own income tax. A nurse working in DC owes DC non-resident tax regardless of home state.
Multiple Assignments, Same State
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment 1 | Kaiser Sacramento, CA — 13 weeks, $1,500/wk |
| Assignment 2 | Stanford Health, Sacramento, CA — 12 weeks, $1,600/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| State count | 1 |
| CA filing required | Yes |
| Total state tax | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: Income from multiple assignments in the same state is aggregated into a single state entry. Only one CA non-resident return is needed.
State-Level Deductions
W-2 in California — No AGI Floor
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | UCSF Medical, San Francisco, CA — 26 weeks, $1,800/wk |
| Expenses | 2,000travel+500 licensing |
| Tax home costs | $800 rent |
| Mileage | 500 mi (work travel) |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| CA filing required | Yes |
| CA state deduction applies | Yes |
| Deduction method | Standard (federal) |
What this verifies: California doesn’t conform to TCJA. W-2 employees can deduct business expenses on the CA state return from the first dollar — no 2% AGI floor.
W-2 in New York — 2% AGI Floor
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | Mount Sinai, New York, NY — 26 weeks, $1,750/wk |
| Expenses | 3,000travel+1,000 licensing |
| Tax home costs | $1,200 rent |
| Mileage | 600 mi (work travel) |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| NY filing required | Yes |
| NY state deduction applies | Yes |
| Deduction method | Standard (federal) |
What this verifies: New York allows W-2 expense deductions but applies a 2% AGI floor. Only the amount exceeding 2% of federal AGI is deductible on the NY state return.
1099 in NY — W-2 Deduction Does Not Apply
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | 1099 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | Mount Sinai, New York, NY — 26 weeks, $1,750/wk |
| Expenses | $2,000 travel |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| NY state deduction applies | No |
| Deduction method | Business expense (Schedule C) |
| SE tax | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: 1099 contractors deduct expenses on Schedule C, not via state-specific W-2 deduction rules. The NY W-2 deduction does not apply to 1099 workers.
Tax Home Compliance
Itinerant Nurse — No Tax Home
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | None |
| Assignment | Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX — 26 weeks, $1,600/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Stipend risk alert | Yes |
| Compliance score | Below 100% |
| State tax | $0 (Texas) |
What this verifies: Without an established tax home, the IRS may treat all stipends as taxable income. TaxHomeBase flags the stipend risk.
Long Assignment — 12-Month Rule
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | General Hospital, Los Angeles, CA — 52 weeks (full year) |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Long assignment alert | Yes |
| CA filing required | Yes |
What this verifies: The IRS 12-month rule states that if assignments at one location exceed 12 months, that location becomes the nurse’s tax home. A year-long assignment triggers a warning alert.
Property Rented Out — Disqualification Risk
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio (rent $1,000/mo, property rented out) |
| Assignment | Cleveland Clinic Main, Houston, TX — 26 weeks |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Property rented out alert | Yes |
| Compliance score | Below 100% |
What this verifies: Renting out the tax home property may disqualify it as an IRS tax home. TaxHomeBase flags this as a compliance risk.
No Visit Recorded — Overdue Alert
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio (no visit date recorded) |
| Assignment | Rush University Medical, Chicago, IL — 13 weeks |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Visit overdue alert | Yes |
| IL filing required | Yes |
| State tax | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: The IRS recommends returning to the tax home every 30 days. When no visit is on record, TaxHomeBase generates a visit overdue alert.
Expensive Tax Home — Negative Net Benefit
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | Rural Community Hospital, San Antonio, TX — 9 weeks, $1,300/wk |
| Housing stipend | $700/wk |
| M&IE stipend | $300/wk |
| Tax home costs | 24,000rent+3,000 utilities + 2,000insurance+4,000 return trips |
| Mileage | 1,200 mi (tax home visits) |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Tax home analysis available | Yes |
| Net benefit | Negative (costs exceed savings) |
| Tax savings | Greater than $0 |
| Cost of maintaining | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: When tax home maintenance costs (rent, utilities, return trips, visit mileage) exceed the tax savings from keeping stipends tax-free, the net benefit is negative. The nurse may be better off going itinerant — TaxHomeBase’s cost-benefit analysis shows this clearly.
Additional Filing Statuses
Married Filing Separately
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Married filing separately |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Texas |
| Assignment | Baylor Scott & White, Dallas, TX — 26 weeks, $1,600/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Federal tax | Greater than $0 |
| State tax | $0 (Texas) |
| Deduction method | Standard |
What this verifies: Married filing separately receives the same standard deduction as single filers ($15,200 in 2025). This filing status is sometimes used when spouses want separate tax liability.
Edge Cases & Special Situations
Assignment Spanning Year Boundary
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD — Nov 2024 through Mar 2025 |
| Base pay | $1,700/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Federal tax | Greater than $0 |
| MD filing required | Yes |
| State tax | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: Only the portion of the assignment within the selected tax year is counted. For year 2025, the Jan 1 through Mar 31 portion (~13 weeks) is included. The November–December 2024 portion appears only in the 2024 tax year.
Assignment with Bonuses
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Texas |
| Assignment | Parkland Memorial, Dallas, TX — 13 weeks, $1,600/wk |
| Sign-on bonus | $5,000 |
| Completion bonus | $3,000 |
| Referral bonus | $1,000 |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Total bonuses | Greater than 0(9,000 total) |
| Federal tax | Greater than $0 |
| State tax | $0 (Texas) |
What this verifies: All three bonus types (sign-on, completion, referral) are tracked separately and added to taxable income.
Zero-Stipend Assignment — No Risk
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | None (itinerant) |
| Assignment | VA Medical Center, Houston, TX — 26 weeks, $2,500/wk base only |
| Stipends | None |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Total stipends | $0 |
| Stipend risk alert | No |
| Federal tax | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: Without stipends, there is nothing at risk from tax home compliance issues. No stipend risk alert fires even though the nurse has no tax home.
Very Short Assignment — 2 Weeks
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Texas |
| Assignment | Methodist Hospital, San Antonio, TX — 2 weeks, $1,800/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Federal tax | $0 |
| State tax | $0 (Texas) |
| Stipends | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: A 2-week assignment generates only 3,600intaxableincome,whichfallsentirelybelowthe15,200 standard deduction. Federal tax is zero.
Tax Year 2024 — Different Rates
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | Ohio State Wexner, Columbus, OH — 25 weeks, $1,550/wk |
| Mileage | 1,000 mi (work travel) |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Federal tax | Greater than $0 |
| Mileage deduction | 670(1,000mi×0.67/mi) |
| Total miles | 1,000 |
What this verifies: 2024 uses different tax parameters: standard deduction 14,600(vs15,200 in 2025), IRS mileage rate 0.67/mile(vs0.70). The engine correctly applies year-specific values.
Self-Employment Deep Dives
1099 Business Loss — Expenses Exceed Income
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | 1099 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | Baptist Health, Jacksonville, FL — 4 weeks, $1,500/wk |
| Expenses | $10,000 travel |
| Tax home costs | $2,000 rent |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| SE tax | $0 |
| QBI deduction | $0 |
| Federal tax | $0 |
What this verifies: When business expenses (12,000)exceedtotalincome(6,000), net self-employment income is zero. No SE tax, QBI deduction, or federal tax applies.
1099 Additional Medicare Tax Trigger
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | 1099 |
| Tax home | Texas |
| Assignment | Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX — 50 weeks, $4,400/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Additional Medicare tax | Greater than $0 |
| SE tax | Greater than $0 |
| State tax | $0 (Texas) |
What this verifies: When SE base (92.35% of net SE income) exceeds 200,000,anadditional0.94,400/wk for 50 weeks (220,000),theSEbasereaches 203,170, triggering the surtax.
MFJ 1099 — Higher QBI Threshold
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Married filing jointly |
| Employment type | 1099 |
| Tax home | Florida |
| Assignment | Jackson Memorial, Miami, FL — 50 weeks, $3,200/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| QBI deduction | Greater than $0 |
| SE tax | Greater than $0 |
| State tax | $0 (Florida) |
What this verifies: Married filing jointly has a QBI threshold of 383,900(vs191,950 for single). A nurse earning $160,000 net SE income would lose QBI filing single but retains the full 20% deduction when filing jointly.
1099 with Significant Mileage
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | 1099 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH — 26 weeks, $1,600/wk |
| Mileage | 3,000 mi work travel + 2,000 mi tax home visits = 5,000 total |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Total miles | 5,000 |
| Mileage deduction | 3,500(5,000mi×0.70/mi) |
| SE tax | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: The IRS standard mileage rate generates a significant Schedule C deduction that reduces SE income. At 5,000 miles and 0.70/mile(2025rate),the3,500 deduction directly reduces self-employment tax.
State-Level Deductions (Extended)
W-2 in Alabama — 2% AGI Floor
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | UAB Hospital, Birmingham, AL — 13 weeks, $1,550/wk |
| Expenses | 2,500travel+800 licensing |
| Tax home costs | $750 rent |
| Mileage | 400 mi (work travel) |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| AL filing required | Yes |
| AL state deduction applies | Yes |
| Deduction method | Standard (federal) |
What this verifies: Alabama does not conform to TCJA and still allows W-2 expense deductions on the state return, with a 2% AGI floor (same rule as New York).
W-2 in Hawaii — 2% AGI Floor
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | Queen’s Medical Center, Honolulu, HI — 13 weeks, $1,750/wk |
| Expenses | 3,500travel+1,000 licensing |
| Tax home costs | $700 rent |
| Mileage | 300 mi (work travel) |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| HI filing required | Yes |
| HI state deduction applies | Yes |
| Deduction method | Standard (federal) |
What this verifies: Hawaii does not conform to TCJA and still allows W-2 expense deductions on the state return, with the same 2% AGI floor as New York and Alabama.
W-2 in Illinois — No State Deduction
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | Northwestern Memorial, Chicago, IL — 13 weeks, $1,700/wk |
| Expenses | 2,000travel+800 licensing |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| IL filing required | Yes |
| IL state deduction applies | No |
| Deduction method | Standard (federal) |
What this verifies: Illinois conforms to TCJA. Even with significant tracked expenses, no W-2 expense deduction applies on the IL state return. Only five states (NY, CA, AL, HI, AR) allow this deduction.
Multi-State (Extended)
1099 Multi-State — Florida + California
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | 1099 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment 1 | Baptist Health Miami, FL — 13 weeks, $1,600/wk |
| Assignment 2 | Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA — 13 weeks, $1,800/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| SE tax | Greater than $0 |
| FL filing required | No |
| CA filing required | Yes |
| State tax | Greater than $0 (CA only) |
What this verifies: For 1099 contractors, SE tax applies to total income from all assignments. Florida generates no state tax, so only California contributes to the state tax total.
Three States in One Year (CA + NY + IL)
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment 1 | UCSF Medical, San Francisco, CA — 13 weeks, $1,800/wk |
| Assignment 2 | NYU Langone, New York, NY — 13 weeks, $1,700/wk |
| Assignment 3 | Rush University Medical, Chicago, IL — 13 weeks, $1,650/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| State count | 3 |
| CA filing required | Yes |
| NY filing required | Yes |
| IL filing required | Yes |
| State tax | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: Income from each state is tracked separately. Three non-resident state returns are required. Each state’s tax is computed independently using that state’s brackets and the income earned there.
W-2 Multi-State — CA (Deduction) + TX (No Tax)
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment 1 | UCSF Medical, San Francisco, CA — 13 weeks, $1,800/wk |
| Assignment 2 | Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX — 13 weeks, $1,600/wk |
| Expenses | 2,000travel+800 licensing |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| State count | 2 |
| CA state deduction applies | Yes |
| TX filing required | No |
| State tax | Greater than $0 (CA only) |
What this verifies: When working in multiple states, the CA W-2 expense deduction applies to the California portion of income, while Texas generates no state tax or filing requirement.
GSA Compliance
Stipends Exceed GSA Per Diem Limits
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio |
| Assignment | Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX — 26 weeks |
| Housing stipend | 1,500/wk(214/day) |
| M&IE stipend | 700/wk(100/day) |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| GSA exceeds alert | Yes |
| State tax | $0 (Texas) |
What this verifies: The GSA per diem rate for Houston is 143/daylodgingand74/day M&IE. This nurse’s stipends exceed both limits (214/dayhousing,100/day M&IE). The IRS allows tax-free stipends only up to GSA rates — the excess is flagged.
Tax Home Cost-Benefit Analysis
Positive Net Benefit — Large Stipends, Low Costs
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Ohio (rent $500/mo) |
| Assignment | Stanford Health, Sacramento, CA — 26 weeks, $1,600/wk |
| Housing stipend | $1,300/wk |
| M&IE stipend | $500/wk |
| Mileage | 400 mi (tax home visits) |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Tax home analysis available | Yes |
| Net benefit | Positive |
| Tax savings | Greater than $0 |
| Cost of maintaining | Greater than $0 |
What this verifies: With large stipends (46,800/yeartax−free)andlowmaintenancecosts(500 rent + $280 visit mileage), the tax savings far exceed maintenance costs. The net benefit is clearly positive.
High ROI Tax Home
| Input | Value |
|---|
| Filing status | Single |
| Employment type | W-2 |
| Tax home | Texas (rent $400/mo) |
| Assignment | Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA — 26 weeks, $1,800/wk |
| Housing stipend | $1,400/wk |
| M&IE stipend | $500/wk |
| Expected Outcome | |
|---|
| Tax home analysis available | Yes |
| ROI | Greater than 0% |
| Net benefit | Positive |
What this verifies: With minimal tax home costs ($400/month rent, no other expenses) and large tax-free stipends, the return on investment for maintaining the tax home is extremely high — every dollar spent on maintenance generates many dollars in tax savings.